Thursday, January 23, 2020

How to Press Tofu & Why You Need to Do It

broiled tofu with vegetables and rice

So, you’ve been dabbling in the world of meat alternatives and you’ve given tofu a try, but maybe it didn’t work out so well. You sautéed and sautéed, and it never got crispy. You poured in sauces and spices, but the cubes of tofu somehow dodged every drop of flavor you threw at them. You were left with something that looked and tasted like it came straight out of the package, despite your best efforts!

The reality is, tofu needs a bit of T.L.C. to crisp up (and flavor up)—tofu needs to be pressed! Packaged tofu contains a lot of water, and this water makes it difficult to change its texture and to infuse any flavorings. The good news is that you just need a few household items to get started on pressing your tofu, and the better news is that there are way more convenient kitchen tools available to make the process easier and cleaner. Once you’ve got a good system for pressing, all you need are a few go-to marinade recipes to masterfully prepare this meatless protein.

Related Reading: Vegetarian Chefs’ Tips & Tricks for the Best Tofu Ever

Note: This rule does not apply to silken tofu.

Pressing Tofu Manually

You likely already own a combination of kitchen and household items that will help you MacGyver your way into ready-to-cook tofu—as long as you’ve got the tofu. You’ll want extra firm, or at least firm tofu—anything softer is better-suited for adding creamy texture to desserts or for egg substitute recipes.


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This guide explains how to hack a tofu press from household objects—for the most basic version, you just need two flat things (like a cutting board and a cookie sheet, or two plates), and some heavy weights that will distribute pressure evenly; these could be anything from a large book to several cans. The weighted object(s) will press the water out of the tofu block onto whatever flat surface is holding it; you should drain this water into the sink a few times during the 30- to 45-minutes of pressing. Make sure the weight and top plate/baking sheet/cutting board are centered and don’t start to slide off the block of tofu; you may need to watch and occasionally adjust to ensure even pressing.

If you’d prefer a bit less mess, you can use paper towels or kitchen towels to catch the tofu water as it drains. And this method has you place the towel-wrapped tofu on a wire rack over a bowl or the sink to catch any liquid that gets through the towels. If you opt for paper towels, you might get bummed out by the sheer number you need to catch all the water, so a linen kitchen towel may be your best bet.

Related Reading: Products to Help Reduce Paper Waste in the Kitchen

The Wonderful World of Tofu Presses

Once you’ve dealt with pressing tofu by hand a few times, you’re likely to feel a little frustrated by weighted plates tipping and requiring constant rebalance, or by tofu-water-soaked kitchen towels needing your immediate attention (if you don’t wash them right away, you need to hang them somewhere). And if, like me, you’ve tried paper towels, you might lament using half a roll just to press tofu. Luckily, there are gadgets out there that make the whole process so smooth and convenient, that you might find yourself stocking up on tofu and dreaming of your next marinade.

TofuXpress Tofu Press, $42.95 on Amazon

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I swear by this tofu press, by TofuXpress. Tofu goes in and the spring-loaded top plate immediately begins to apply pressure to the tofu. As the plastic plate presses down over a period of a half-hour (or a few hours, or even a day!) while in the fridge, water rises to the top, ready to be poured down the drain at your convenience. Once you have drained out the water, you can remove the spring top, add your favorite marinade, and return the press to the fridge with just a cover. After you’ve marinated the tofu, it’s up to you if you’d like to press one more time for super firm and easily crisp-able tofu.

A less expensive option by Tofuture offers you a similarly compact, mess-free pressing experience. Two stretchy rubber loops pull the top plastic cover downward, applying pressure to the block of tofu and causing water to be pressed out. This product can also be used to add marinades, post-press.

ToFuture Tou Press, $28.95 on Amazon

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Speaking of Marinades…


Once you’ve pressed the excess water from the tofu, it’s ready to absorb a flavorful marinade. This easy recipe for Beer Barbecued Tofu uses only beer, barbecue sauce, garlic, ginger, and onions for a marinade. Or, you can try this recipe for Carne Asada Marinade, which is both sweet and spicy. This recipe for Baked Italian Herb Tofu includes basil, rosemary, and oregano with oil, vinegar, and liquid aminos (substitute soy sauce if you only have that on hand). Any of your favorite meat marinades will work beautifully for tofu, since it is such a mild-tasting base for spices and sauces.

So, get yourself a supply of tofu, pick a method for pressing, and stock up on marinade ingredients. Treat that tofu right, and you’ll be rewarded with meals full of this tasty and versatile plant protein!



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8 Regional Chinese Recipes to Ring in Lunar New Year

mapo tofu

These regional Chinese recipes are great any time of year, but if you’re looking for an excuse to try them, Lunar New Year on Jan. 25 is a particularly good one.

Lunar New Year vs Chinese New Year

Lunar New Year is celebrated in many different cultures, but “Chinese New Year” is probably the most commonly referenced—in fact, that term is often used as a catch-all to denote Lunar New Year in general, which is incorrect (though, as in most matters, some would disagree).

While the same lunar calendar cycle means that Lunar New Year celebrations do occur on the same date, the traditions, celebratory foods, and specific holiday names vary by country. Korean New Year, for instance, is properly known as Seollal, and is often marked by eating tteokgeok or dduk guk, a rice cake soup. Vietnamese New Year, or Tết, commonly features banh chung on the menu.

tteokguk or dduk guk, Korean rice cake soup

Korean rice cake soup, Chowhound

Close to a quarter of the world will be celebrating a true Chinese New Year—a staggering statistic that, in addition to mainland China, also includes Chinese-speaking countries like Taiwan and Singapore, as well as ethnic Chinese populations all over the world.

Related Reading: Celebrate Lunar New Year With Korean Cooking Queen Maangchi’s Japchae

With such vast geographical reach, the Chinese culture isn’t always a cohesive one. This is particularly the case with Chinese cuisine, which is in essence a bunch of different regional cuisines that share a handful of ingredients and techniques. Did you know, for instance, that soup dumplings come from Shanghai, and crispy chow mein from Guangdong?

There are some foods that are considered to be good luck for Chinese New Year, but the specifics of any festive meal would also depend on exactly where in the world you happened to be. Luckily, you can cook all kinds of Chinese food in your own kitchen, wherever it is. You just need the right tools, and some solid recipes.

Regional Chinese Recipes

Keep reading for more notable Chinese dishes from different regions.

Shanghai: Xiao Long Bao (Soup Dumplings)


Credit the Shanghainese for the glorious, soup-filled dumplings known as xiao long bao. You’ll never guess the secret to making them: adding cubes of aspic to the filling before pinching the dumplings closed. Get the Soup Dumplings recipe.

10-Inch Bamboo Steamer, $12.99 at World Market

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Beijing: Peking Duck

peking duck history

BJI/Blue Jean Images / Getty Images

With its crisp, fatty, crackling skin, Peking duck is truly one of the world’s culinary wonders. But while it takes mere minutes to devour a perfect Peking duck, the same duck demands three full days of preparation. Get the Easy Peking Duck recipe.

Sichuan: Mapo Tofu

mapo tofu recipe

Chowhound

This dish of tofu and ground meat in a numbing chile sauce may be world-famous today, but it was once a humble dish served only in China’s Sichuan province. Get the Mapo Tofu recipe.

Related Reading: The Addictive Chili Oil You Need in Your Life

Taiwan: Gua Bao (Pork Belly Buns)


Long before David Chang made pork belly buns famous at Momofuku, pork belly served in steamed bread was a mainstay in Taiwanese cuisine. At Momofuku, the buns are served with hoisin sauce, cucumbers, and scallions, but traditional Taiwanese toppings include pickled mustard greens, cilantro, and ground peanuts. Get the Pork Belly Buns recipe.

Hainan and Singapore: Hainanese Chicken Rice


This chicken and rice dish, originally from the subtropical Chinese island of Hainan, is made by poaching a chicken and using its fragrant stock to flavor the rice. Hainanese immigrants brought the dish to Singapore, where it’s now widely considered the country’s national dish. Get the Hainanese Chicken Rice recipe.

Guangdong: Pan-Fried Thin Crispy Noodles

This delicious dish of saucy pork and vegetables, served over a bed of crispy chow mein noodles, comes courtesy of the Cantonese. In restaurants, the noodles are usually deep-fried, but if you’re attempting the dish at home, we recommend shallow-frying them. Get the Pan-Fried Thin Crispy Noodles recipe.

Yunnan: “Crossing the Bridge” Noodles


The Yunnan province’s most famous dish, “Crossing the Bridge” noodles, arose out of an old tale that an imperial scholar was studying for exams on an island in Yunnan, and his wife would bring him food daily. She found that by the time she crossed the bridge to bring him soup, the noodles would be soggy. Ask for the dish today, and you’ll be presented with steaming-hot broth to pour onto ham, chicken, bean curd, chives, sprouts, and round rice noodles tableside, so everything is always consumed fresh. Get the “Crossing the Bridge” Noodles recipe.

Hunan: Mala Chicken


Sichuan cuisine gets all the press for its spiciness, but the food of China’s Hunan region can be just as hot. Case in point: the province’s famous mala chicken, a stir-fried dish made with chopped chicken, scallions, soy sauce, and plenty of chile peppers. Get the Mala Chicken recipe.

This post was originally published in 2015 and has been updated with new images, links, and text.



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Keep Your Gut Healthy with These Probiotic-Heavy Foods

probiotic food, pickles, yogurt, kimchi, sauerkraut, apple cider vinegar, and kombucha for gut health

Even if you have a healthy digestive system, chances are, over the past few years, you’ve become aware of gut bacteria and how important intestinal flora is to our overall health. You may also have heard of probiotics, which can have a big influence on the human microbiome. But if you need a refresher, here’s a breakdown of what probiotics are, what probiotic food might benefit you, and how you can make these healthy fermented foods at home to reap all the benefits.

What Are Probiotics Anyway?

I have a terrible digestive system. I’ve been cursed with an inability to digest lactose and I have problems digesting wheat. Anything too fatty or spicy also does a number on me, and I can’t tolerate very much caffeine or alcohol. Although I try to avoid most of these foods on a daily basis, I’m only human—sometimes I just can’t resist a food that falls into one or more of these categories, or I’m served these foods when traveling or eating in a restaurant or in someone else’s home. Even for those who have a pretty strong digestive system, it’s easy to overdo it. If you’ve eaten and/or drank too much over the past few weeks, foods that contain probiotics are going to be your new best friend.

Refrigeration Not RequiredWhat Are Shelf-Stable Probiotics—and Are They Actually Beneficial?Probiotics are great for helping to rebalance a digestive system that’s gone off-kilter. If you’re feeling bloated or having other GI issues, or having trouble digesting your food, adding probiotics to your diet can help get you back on the right track.

Probiotics are also helpful for strengthening the immune system during cold and flu season. If you’ve been sick and taken antibiotics, which can upset the stomach, probiotics can also help restore a healthy balance to the gut.

The “friendly” or “good” live bacteria in probiotics are naturally found in many foods, particularly fermented foods. Common types of probiotics include Lactobacillus (often found in yogurt and other fermented foods) and Bifidobacterium (found in some dairy products).  Sandor Katz, author of the book “Wild Fermentation” and an expert on fermented foods, says, “Probiotics is all about biodiversity, and different fermented foods contain different communities of organisms. So I’d say the greater diversity of fermented foods you can eat, the better.”

Related Reading: What Is the Difference Between Fermenting and Pickling?

What Food Has the Most Probiotics?

Here are some ideas for foods that are full of probiotics and are easy to find or make yourself.

Yogurt

non-dairy oatmilk yogurt oat yogurt health benefits

Thodsapol Thongdeekhieo / EyeEm / Getty Images

Yogurt is one of the most well-known sources of probiotics. Look for yogurt that contains lactobacillus acidophilus and doesn’t have a lot of added sugars, artificial colors, or artificial flavors. Most people who are lactose intolerant can usually digest yogurt fairly easily, but if you’re avoiding dairy due to allergies or food preferences, you can find non-dairy yogurts made from almond, soy, coconut, or cashew that are still fermented and contain probiotics. If you recently got an Instant Pot, you could try making your own yogurt in it; you can also make homemade yogurt with a heavy saucepan.

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Kefir

kefir and kefir grains

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With a taste and texture similar to thinned yogurt (though notably tangier), kefir can be sipped as a drink, or used as an ingredient in dishes like this Chilled Kefir, Cucumber, and Avocado Soup recipe, this Rye Berry Salad with Kefir Dressing, or your favorite smoothie. If you want to try making kefir, you’ll need to buy some kefir grains. Most commonly, kefir is made from milk grains, but you can also purchase water kefir grains to make fermented, non-dairy drinks.

Active Organic Milk Kefir Grains, $11.99 on Amazon

Use these to make your own kefir at home.
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Kombucha

how to make kombucha

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If you haven’t already tried kombucha, it’s a slightly bubbly drink that can be an acquired taste (I find it pleasantly tart, but some people describe it as “vinegary.”). It’s possible to find a SCOBY (symbiotic colony of bacteria and yeast), a.k.a. “the mother”, and brew your own kombucha but now it’s also pretty easy to find bottled, commercially produced kombucha in health food stores and healthy grocery store chains. My regular, no-frills grocery store carries kombucha (near the yogurt); I’ve even seen kombucha in my local Target. Kombucha is full of probiotics and I find that when I have an unsettled stomach, drinking kombucha really helps calm it down. Kombucha comes in a variety of flavors, but the plain version doesn’t have added sugars.

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Kimchi

Kimchi is Korean in origin and is usually made from fermented cabbage (radish kimchi is another popular type of kimchi). You can make your own kimchi or buy kimchi (Mother-in-Law’s is one brand that’s pretty widely available) at your local Asian market or healthy grocery store (my regular grocery store also now carries kimchi; it’s housed near the sauerkraut). Of course, kimchi is particularly good with Asian-style dishes (including noodle or rice/grain bowls and stir-fries, like this Kimchi and Shrimp Fried Rice), tacos, eggs, and burgers. I’m also quite fond of the powerhouse Korean condiment gochujang, a fermented paste which I basically put on everything (especially eggs). Most types of kimchi and gochujang can add flavor and kick to your dishes without being blow-your-face-off spicy.

Related Reading: Try This White Kimchi for a Refreshing Change of Pace

Sauerkraut

sauerkraut recipe and how to use sauerkraut

Gross, Petr / Getty Images

Raw, unpasteurized sauerkraut is naturally probiotic. You can make your own, or look for brands (like the Superkraut brand) that contain live, active cultures and have been minimally processed. Farmer’s markets, health food stores, and gourmet grocery stores are great resources for fresh, fermented sauerkraut.

Tempeh

sliced tempeh

Shutterstock

Tempeh is made from fermented soybeans; unlike tofu, tempeh uses whole soybeans and has a denser texture and a stronger flavor. You can use tempeh in many recipes where you’d use tofu or even meat. Tempeh tacos, stir-fries, and sandwiches (like a tempeh reuben, which also involves sauerkraut) are some of the dishes where tempeh shines.

Pickles

Pickles can be made in a variety of ways, but pickles that have been fermented (using lactic acid bacteria) contain probiotics. Look for pickles that have words like “probiotic” or “fermented” on the label, or make your own. Fermented pickled vegetables (including, but not limited to, cucumbers) will take longer than “quick” pickles, but you’ll reap the probiotic benefits.

Miso

red and white miso paste

Shutterstock

Like tempeh, miso also comes from fermented soybeans. You’ve probably tried miso soup, but miso paste—which comes in white (mild), yellow (medium), and red (the strongest flavor)—can also be used to add robust flavor and probiotic punch to other soups (like carrot ginger), dressings, sauces, and marinades, like the one used in this Miso-Ginger Glazed Salmon. It’s even great on grilled cheese.

White Miso, $9.76 on Amazon

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Related Video: How to Make Kimchi at Home



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Eggplant Rice Bowl (Donburi)

Eggplant Rice Bowl (Donburi)Get Recipe!


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A Beginner’s Guide to Baking with Yeast

baking with yeast tips

For a beginning baker, approaching a project that uses yeast can be scary. In truth, baking with yeast can be a satisfying experience if you follow a few simple tips. Here’s everything you need to know about baking with yeast.

Active or Instant?

You can face a multitude of yeast choices in the baking section of most supermarkets. Don’t panic. The two basic types are active or instant yeast (we’ll leave rapid-rise and bread machine options for another day).

For most applications, either of these types will work. The main difference is that active dry yeast, as the name implies, needs to be ‘activated’ (in liquid) to start the process, while instant yeast can be mixed directly into dry ingredients.

Saf Instant Yeast, $7.93 on Amazon

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Instant yeast is also more forgiving in terms of temperature tolerances, but there’s little difference otherwise, so don’t stress. Either will work if a recipe calls for mixing the yeast with water.

One other thing they have in common: Both types can expire, so read the next tip carefully.

The Best Yeast Is Fresh Yeast

When I was growing up, my dad and I made cinnamon rolls for Christmas morning every year. Sometimes they were great, and other times they were…not. I honestly believe this came down to the fact that one time we’d buy new packets of yeast, and next year we’d use the old ones. To give yourself every chance of success, check the expiration date on your packet and when in doubt, buy new yeast. Store it in the freezer if you don’t bake often.

If you have some yeast of unknown origin, you can check its health by dissolving a pinch of sugar and a pinch of yeast into a half-cup of lukewarm water. If it’s alive, the yeast will begin to bubble and foam a little bit in just a few minutes. If it doesn’t, time for new. Yeast is the fuel to your baking success, so save yourself time and frustration by starting with healthy yeast every time.

(Note: “Fresh yeast” is also a term often used to refer to cakes of yeast, but these are not necessarily superior, and not what we’re referring to here.)

Think Like Goldilocks: Not Too Hot, Not Too Cold

Yeast thrives at temperatures up to about 115°F (46 C), but temperatures above that can be fatal to the fungus (yes, it’s related to mushrooms!). Instant yeast is a little more heat-tolerant, but I like to aim to use water at about 110°F (43 C), which feels like a nice warm bath.

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Same goes for the dough. Once your dough is ready to rise, put it in a warm spot. Somewhere from 70-80°F is ideal, so if your house is cold, look for a cozy location (like the inside of your oven with the light turned on—be careful not to bake it prematurely!). If your house is warmer, things may go faster than expected, so keep an eye on it.

Now, Get Baking!

Make Ahead Parker House Rolls recipe

Chowhound’s Parker House Rolls

Now that you’re a yeast expert, try your hand at a yeasted dough recipe—pick from rolls, flatbread, pizza, cinnamon buns, doughnuts, and more.



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